The incidence of neurological disease in the population is of growing concern, however the mechanisms underlying the etiology of a host of neurological diseases remain ambiguous. Current evidence implicates disturbances of signalling pathways during neurodevelopment as a causative factor, however a robust model for studying neurodevelopment is required. This study aimed to utilize the neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as a model for neurodevelopment, in order to analyse the expression and function of the proteins Reelin and GM1 gangliosidase, the malfunction of which are correlated with an increased risk of schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Parkinson’s Disease. Cell samples and secretions were collected at various time points during neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells, and underwent proteomic analysis via shotgun LC-MS/MS, BN-PAGE, Western blotting, and Bioplex multiplex immunoassay. Reelin and proteins pertinent to Reelin signalling and neuronal migration were detected, whilst GM1 gangliosidase and proteins relating to ganglioside catabolism were also observed. The upregulation of neuroprotective cytokines and limited expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is consistent with literature indicating their role in signalling pathways during neurodevelopment. Together, this data shows potential Reelin and GM1 gangliosidase signalling during neurodevelopment, and validates neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cell as a neurodevelopmental model.